刘天杰，刘兴云，孙小倩，余九莫，孙小楠，孙炳丽，朱青，邵婷PY - 2019 DA - 2019/05/08 TI -主动自杀预防在线(PSPO):中国社交媒体用户自杀念头和行为的机器识别与危机管理KW - J Med Internet Res SP - e11705 VL - 21 IS - 5kw -自杀识别KW -危机管理KW -机器学习KW -微博直发KW -社交网络KW -中国年轻人AB -背景:自杀是一个巨大的公共卫生挑战。中国每年有2亿人企图自杀。现有的自杀预防计划要求有自杀倾向的人主动寻求帮助，但他们中的许多人寻求所需帮助的动机很低。我们建议，积极主动、有针对性的自杀预防策略可以促使更多有自杀想法和行为的人寻求帮助。目的:本研究的目的是测试主动自杀预防在线(PSPO)的可行性和可接受性，PSPO是一种基于社交媒体的新方法，将自杀倾向个体的主动识别与专门的危机管理相结合。方法:首先在网上找到一个微博群。专家分析了他们对遗书的评论，为自杀识别的机器学习模型提供了一个训练集。表现最好的模型被用来自动识别暗示自杀想法和行为的帖子。接下来，一条包含危机管理信息的微博直接信息被发送给被该模型识别为有自杀风险的用户，这些信息包括涉及自杀相关问题、抑郁、求助行为和可接受性测试的措施。 For those who replied to the message, trained counselors provided tailored crisis management. The Simplified Chinese Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count was also used to analyze the users’ psycholinguistic texts in 1-month time slots prior to and postconsultation. Results: A total of 27,007 comments made in April 2017 were analyzed. Among these, 2786 (10.32%) were classified as indicative of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. The performance of the detection model was good, with high precision (.86), recall (.78), F-measure (.86), and accuracy (.88). Between July 3, 2017, and July 3, 2018, we sent out a total of 24,727 direct messages to 12,486 social media users, and 5542 (44.39%) responded. Over one-third of the users who were contacted completed the questionnaires included in the direct message. Of the valid responses, 89.73% (1259/1403) reported suicidal ideation, but more than half (725/1403, 51.67%) reported that they had not sought help. The 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) mean score was 17.40 (SD 5.98). More than two-thirds of the participants (968/1403, 69.00%) thought the PSPO approach was acceptable. Moreover, 2321 users replied to the direct message. In a comparison of the frequency of word usage in their microblog posts 1-month before and after the consultation, we found that the frequency of death-oriented words significantly declined while the frequency of future-oriented words significantly increased. Conclusions: The PSPO model is suitable for identifying populations that are at risk of suicide. When followed up with proactive crisis management, it may be a useful supplement to existing prevention programs because it has the potential to increase the accessibility of antisuicide information to people with suicidal thoughts and behaviors but a low motivation to seek help. SN - 1438-8871 UR - //www.mybigtv.com/2019/5/e11705/ UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/11705 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31344675 DO - 10.2196/11705 ID - info:doi/10.2196/11705 ER -