A Kim,Sunny Jung %A Marsch,Lisa A %卡塔尔世界杯8强波胆分析A Hancock,Jeffrey T %A Das,Amarendra K %+达特茅斯盖泽尔医学院生物医学数据科学系，达特茅斯学院，46 Centerra Parkway, Lebanon, NH，，，美国，1 603 646 7041，sunny.j.kim@dartmouth.edu %K阿片类药物流行%K阿片类药物危机%K阿片类药物相关疾病%K药物使用%K药物相关疾病%K处方药滥用%K成瘾%K Facebook %K Twitter %K Instagram %K大数据%K伦理%D 2017 %7 31.10.2017 %9原创论文%J J医学互联网Res %G英语%X背景:与药物使用相关的促进吸毒和预防的沟通在社交媒体上广泛流行。社交媒体大数据涉及通过社交媒体平台观察到的自然发生的传播现象，可用于计算或可扩展的解决方案，以生成数据驱动的推论。尽管利用社交媒体大数据来监测和治疗药物使用问题的潜力很大，但社交媒体上与药物使用相关的交流的特征、机制和结果在很大程度上是未知的。了解这些方面可以帮助研究人员有效地利用社交媒体大数据和平台，为有药物使用问题的人进行观察和健康沟通推广。目的:这一批判性综述的目的是确定如何使用社交媒体大数据来了解有问题使用处方药的沟通和行为模式。我们详细阐述了在使用社交媒体大数据进行药物滥用和成瘾研究时的理论应用、伦理挑战和方法考虑。基于一个批判性的审查过程，我们提出了一个具有关键举措的类型学，以解决在处方药滥用和成瘾研究中使用社交媒体的知识差距。方法:首先，我们对社交媒体上药物使用相关传播的文献进行了叙述性总结。我们还研究了(1)社交媒体大数据挖掘，(2)亚组或后续调查，以及(3)社交媒体数据驱动的调查结果传播的研究过程中的伦理考虑。 To develop a critical review-based typology, we searched the PubMed database and the entire e-collection theme of “infodemiology and infoveillance” in the Journal of Medical Internet Research / JMIR Publications. Studies that met our inclusion criteria (eg, use of social media data concerning non-medical use of prescription drugs, data informatics-driven findings) were reviewed for knowledge synthesis. User characteristics, communication characteristics, mechanisms and predictors of such communications, and the psychological and behavioral outcomes of social media use for problematic drug use–related communications are the dimensions of our typology. In addition to ethical practices and considerations, we also reviewed the methodological and computational approaches used in each study to develop our typology. Results: We developed a typology to better understand non-medical, problematic use of prescription drugs through the lens of social media big data. Highly relevant studies that met our inclusion criteria were reviewed for knowledge synthesis. The characteristics of users who shared problematic substance use–related communications on social media were reported by general group terms, such as adolescents, Twitter users, and Instagram users. All reviewed studies examined the communication characteristics, such as linguistic properties, and social networks of problematic drug use–related communications on social media. The mechanisms and predictors of such social media communications were not directly examined or empirically identified in the reviewed studies. The psychological or behavioral consequence (eg, increased behavioral intention for mimicking risky health behaviors) of engaging with and being exposed to social media communications regarding problematic drug use was another area of research that has been understudied. Conclusions: We offer theoretical applications, ethical considerations, and empirical evidence within the scope of social media communication and prescription drug abuse and addiction. Our critical review suggests that social media big data can be a tremendous resource to understand, monitor and intervene on drug abuse and addiction problems. %M 29089287 %R 10.2196/jmir.6426 %U //www.mybigtv.com/2017/10/e353/ %U https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6426 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29089287