@Article{信息:doi 10.2196 / / jmir。3146，作者=“Neufingerl, Nicole and Cobain, Mark R and Newson, Rachel S”，标题=“基于web的自我评估健康工具:谁是用户以及缺失输入信息的影响”，期刊=“J Med Internet Res”，年=“2014”，月=“Sep”，日=“26”，卷=“16”，数=“9”，页=“e215”，关键词=“心血管疾病”;风险评估;Web应用程序;消费者健康信息;预防性保健服务;胆固醇;背景:基于web的健康应用程序，如自我评估工具，可以帮助早期发现和预防疾病。然而，令人关切的是，这些工具是否真正触及疾病风险较高的用户(在这些用户中，预防工作仍然可行)，以及关于风险因素的信息不准确或缺失是否可能导致不正确的评估。目的:本研究旨在评估(1)评估基于网络的心血管疾病(CVD)风险沟通工具(心脏年龄工具)是否覆盖到有发生CVD风险的用户;(2)总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)和收缩压(SBP)值的认知对风险估计的影响;(3)生理危险因素认知和报告的关键预测因素。 Methods: Heart Age is a tool available via a free open access website. Data from 2,744,091 first-time users aged 21-80 years with no prior heart disease were collected from 13 countries in 2009-2011. Users self-reported demographic and CVD risk factor information. Based on these data, an individual's 10-year CVD risk was calculated according to Framingham CVD risk models and translated into a Heart Age. This is the age for which the individual's reported CVD risk would be considered ``normal''. Depending on the availability of known TC, HDL-C, and SBP values, different algorithms were applied. The impact of awareness of TC, HDL-C, and SBP values on Heart Age was determined using a subsample that had complete risk factor information. Results: Heart Age users (N=2,744,091) were mostly in their 20s (22.76{\%}) and 40s (23.99{\%}), female (56.03{\%}), had multiple (mean 2.9, SD 1.4) risk factors, and a Heart Age exceeding their chronological age (mean 4.00, SD 6.43 years). The proportion of users unaware of their TC, HDL-C, or SBP values was high (77.47{\%}, 93.03{\%}, and 46.55{\%} respectively). Lacking awareness of physiological risk factor values led to overestimation of Heart Age by an average 2.1-4.5 years depending on the (combination of) unknown risk factors (P<.001). Overestimation was greater in women than in men, increased with age, and decreased with increasing CVD risk. Awareness of physiological risk factor values was higher among diabetics (OR 1.47, 95{\%} CI 1.46-1.50 and OR 1.74, 95{\%} CI 1.71-1.77), those with family history of CVD (OR 1.22, 95{\%} CI 1.22-1.23 and OR 1.43, 95{\%} CI 1.42-1.44), and increased with age (OR 1.05, 95{\%} CI 1.05-1.05 and OR 1.07, 95{\%} CI 1.07-1.07). It was lower in smokers (OR 0.52, 95{\%} CI 0.52-0.53 and OR 0.71, 95{\%} CI 0.71-0.72) and decreased with increasing Heart Age (OR 0.92, 95{\%} CI 0.92-0.92 and OR 0.97, 95{\%} CI 0.96-0.97) (all P<.001). Conclusions: The Heart Age tool reached users with low-moderate CVD risk, but with multiple elevated CVD risk factors, and a heart age higher than their real age. This highlights that Web-based self-assessment health tools can be a useful means to interact with people who are at risk of developing disease, but where interventions are still viable. Missing information in the self-assessment health tools was shown to result in inaccurate self-health assessments. Subgroups at risk of not knowing their risk factors are identifiable and should be specifically targeted in health awareness programs. ", issn="1438-8871", doi="10.2196/jmir.3146", url="//www.mybigtv.com/2014/9/e215/", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.3146", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25261155" }