在本科医学教育中关于虚拟、增强和混合现实的随机对照试验中，结果、测量仪卡塔尔世界杯8强波胆分析器及其有效性证据:系统制图综述A Tudor Car,Lorainne %A Kyaw, bone Myint %A Teo,Andrew %A Fox,Tatiana Erlikh %A Vimalesvaran,Sunitha %A Apfelbacher,Christian %A Kemp,Sandra %A Chavannes,Niels %+李光前南洋理工大学医学院，临床科学大楼，11 Mandalay Road，新加坡，308232，新加坡，65 69041258，lorainne.tudor.car@ntu.edu.sg %K虚拟现实%K增强现实%K混合现实%K结果%K扩展现实%K数字教育%K随机对照试验%K医学教育%K测量仪器%D 2022 %7 13.4.2022 %9回顾%J JMIR严肃游戏%G英语%X背景:扩展现实包括虚拟现实(VR)、增强现实(AR)和混合现实(MR)，在医学教育中的应用越来越多。评估这些新教育模式有效性的研究应使用具有效度证据的结果测量工具来测量相关结果。目的:我们的目的是确定VR、AR和MR在医学生教育中的有效性的随机对照试验(rct)中结果、测量仪器的选择，以及有效度证据的测量仪器的使用。方法:我们进行了系统的测绘综述。我们检索了1990年1月至2020年4月的7个主要文献数据库，由2名审稿人筛选引用并从纳入的研究中独立提取数据。我们根据PRISMA(系统评价和元分析首选报告项目)指南报告我们的发现。结果:检索的126篇RCT中，VR 115篇(91.3%)，AR 11篇(8.7%)，未发现MR在医学生教育中的应用。在115项关于VR的研究中，64项(55.6%)是关于VR模拟器，30项(26.1%)是关于基于屏幕的VR, 9项(7.8%)是关于VR患者模拟，12项(10.4%)是关于VR严肃游戏。 Most studies reported only a single outcome and immediate postintervention assessment data. Skills outcome was the most common outcome reported in studies on VR simulators (97%), VR patient simulations (100%), and AR (73%). Knowledge was the most common outcome reported in studies on screen-based VR (80%) and VR serious games (58%). Less common outcomes included participants’ attitudes, satisfaction, cognitive or mental load, learning efficacy, engagement or self-efficacy beliefs, emotional state, competency developed, and patient outcomes. At least one form of validity evidence was found in approximately half of the studies on VR simulators (55%), VR patient simulations (56%), VR serious games (58%), and AR (55%) and in a quarter of the studies on screen-based VR (27%). Most studies used assessment methods that were implemented in a nondigital format, such as paper-based written exercises or in-person assessments where examiners observed performance (72%). Conclusions: RCTs on VR and AR in medical education report a restricted range of outcomes, mostly skills and knowledge. The studies largely report immediate postintervention outcome data and use assessment methods that are in a nondigital format. Future RCTs should include a broader set of outcomes, report on the validity evidence of the measurement instruments used, and explore the use of assessments that are implemented digitally. %M 35416789 %R 10.2196/29594 %U https://games.www.mybigtv.com/2022/2/e29594 %U https://doi.org/10.2196/29594 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35416789