TY - JOUR AU - Fittler, András AU - Paczolai, pter AU - Ashraf, Amir Reza AU - Pourhashemi, Amir AU - Iványi, pter PY - 2022 DA - 2022/11/8 TI -勃起功能障碍药物重新定向到非法网络药店的谷歌搜索结果中有毒的流行程度:数据分析研究JO - J Med Internet Res SP - e38957 VL - 24 IS - 11 KW -互联网药店KW -搜索引擎重定向KW -受损网站KW -非法药品KW -患者安全KW -欧洲KW -勃起功能障碍药物AB -背景:非法的在线药店以附属网络的方式运作，其中搜索引擎结果页面(serp)被几个链接所毒害，当访问者点击一个合法但不相关的域名的链接时，这些链接将网站访问者重定向到未经许可的药品分销页面。这种不公平的网络营销做法通常被称为搜索重定向攻击，这是在线非法药品市场中最常用的技术。目的:本研究旨在描述与欧洲国家勃起功能障碍药物相关的谷歌搜索结果中的搜索重定向攻击的机制，并确定该问题的本地和全球规模。方法:使用Google对4种勃起功能障碍药物的搜索引擎查询结果进行记录。在包括匈牙利在内的12个欧洲国家的语言中，搜索词是“活性成分”和“购买”。最终目的地网站的合法性是在LegitScript中检查的，每月独立访问者的估计数量是从SEMrush流量分析中获得的。使用Gephi图形可视化软件分析了通过重定向导致国际非法药品供应商的受损链接。结果:在所有被评估国家的搜索查询结果中，都存在重定向到活跃在线药店的受损链接。 The prevalence was highest in Spain (62/160, 38.8%), Hungary (52/160, 32.5%), Italy (46/160, 28.8%), and France (37/160, 23.1%), whereas the lowest was in Finland (12/160, 7.5%), Croatia (10/160, 6.3%), and Bulgaria (2/160, 1.3%), as per data recorded in November 2020. A decrease in the number of compromised sites linking visitors to illegitimate medicine sellers was observed in the Hungarian data set between 2019 and 2021, from 41% (33/80) to 5% (4/80), respectively. Out of 1920 search results in the international sample, 380 (19.79%) search query results were compromised, with the majority (n=342, 90%) of links redirecting individuals to 73 international illegal medicinal product vendors. Most of these illegal online pharmacies (41/73, 56%) received only 1 or 2 compromised links, whereas the top 3 domains with the highest in-degree link value received more than one-third of all incoming links. Traffic analysis of 35 pharmacy specific domains, accessible via compromised links in search engine queries, showed a total of 473,118 unique visitors in November 2020. Conclusions: Although the number of compromised links in SERPs has shown a decreasing tendency in Hungary, an analysis of the European search query data set points to the global significance of search engine poisoning. Our research illustrates that search engine poisoning is a constant threat, as illegitimate affiliate networks continue to flourish while uncoordinated interventions by authorities and individual stakeholders remain insufficient. Ultimately, without a dedicated and comprehensive effort on the part of search engine providers for effectively monitoring and moderating SERPs, they may never be entirely free of compromised links leading to illegal online pharmacy networks. SN - 1438-8871 UR - //www.mybigtv.com/2022/11/e38957 UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/38957 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36346655 DO - 10.2196/38957 ID - info:doi/10.2196/38957 ER -