TY -的AU -阴,凯萨琳盟——荣格,约书亚AU - Coiera,恩里科盟——Laranjo莉莉安娜AU -布兰德福德,安盟——穆斯林教师阿迪尔盟——太湖,Wan-Tien AU -菲利普斯,丹尼尔Psillakis盟——刘,安妮Y S PY - 2020 DA - 2020/6/2 TI -病人工作及其上下文:范围审查乔- J地中海互联网Res SP - e16656六世- 22 - 6千瓦自理KW -疾病负担KW -自我管理AB -背景:让患者自我管理自己的健康状况是一个被广泛推广的概念，但许多患者很难有效地实践它。此外，很少有研究分析了患者需要的工作性质以及这些工作如何与他们的日常生活相适应。目的:本研究旨在回顾成人患者的工作特点。患者工作是指在环境因素系统中，健康状况强加给患者的任务(例如，服用药物)。方法:采用叙事综合的方法进行系统的范围综述。数据提取自PubMed、医学摘录数据库(EMBASE)、护理与相关健康文献累积索引(CINAHL)和PsycINFO，包括2013年8月至2018年8月的研究。纳入的研究集中于成年患者，并评估了以下一项或多项:(1)与身体健康相关的任务，(2)与认知健康相关的任务，或(3)影响这些任务的环境因素。根据出现的主题对任务进行分类:(1)如果任务总是对其他人可见或可以认知，(2)如果任务必须协同执行或可以单独执行，以及(3)如果任务是以创造资源为目的完成的。上下文因素根据其施加影响的水平(微观、中观或宏观)以及它们在患者工作系统中的位置(宏观人体工程学层，物理、社会和组织因素; the mesoergonomic layer of household and community; and the microergonomic triad of person-task-tools). Results: In total, 67 publications were included, with 58 original research articles and 9 review articles. A variety of patient work tasks were observed, ranging from physical and tangible tasks (such as taking medications and visiting health care professionals) to psychological and social tasks (such as creating coping strategies). Patient work was affected by a range of contextual factors on the micro, meso, or macro levels. Our results indicate that most patient work was done alone, in private, and often imposing cognitive burden with low amounts of support. Conclusions: This review sought to provide insight into the work burden of health management from a patient perspective and how patient context influences such work. For many patients, health-related work is ever present, invisible, and overwhelming. When researchers and clinicians design and implement patient-facing interventions, it is important to understand how the extra work impacts one’s internal state and coping strategy, how such work fits into daily routines, and if these changes could be maintained in the long term. SN - 1438-8871 UR - //www.mybigtv.com/2020/6/e16656 UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/16656 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32484449 DO - 10.2196/16656 ID - info:doi/10.2196/16656 ER -