TY - JOUR AU - Ludolph, Ramona AU - Allam, Ahmed AU - Schulz, Peter J PY - 2016 DA - 2016/06/02 TI -操纵谷歌知识图谱框以对抗在线搜索疫苗接种过程中的偏见信息处理:一种技术降噪策略的应用J - Med Internet Res SP - e137 VL - 18 IS - 6 KW -搜索引擎KW -在线健康信息搜索KW -疫苗接种KW -降噪KW -搜索行为KW -健康传播KW -信息处理KW -信息寻求AB -背景:人们上网的主要动机之一是搜索健康信息。大多数消费者从一般搜索引擎开始搜索，但没有意识到它的排序和排名标准并不能反映信息质量。这种误解可能导致扭曲的搜索结果，特别是当信息处理的特点是启发式原则和导致认知偏差，而不是系统的阐述。由于反对接种疫苗的人在网上大声疾呼，他们对免疫接种的无证据观点很有可能被发现。因此，在这种情况下，有偏见的信息处理可能导致随后的判断和决策受损。一种技术消除偏见的策略可以通过改变人们的搜索环境来解决这个问题。目的:本研究旨在测试一种技术消除偏见策略，以减少使用通用搜索引擎时偏见信息处理对人们疫苗相关知识和态度的负面影响。这种策略是操纵Google知识图谱框的内容，知识图谱框集成在搜索界面中，提供搜索主题的基本信息。方法:采用全3x2析因、后验设计，以基本事实信息(可理解、难以理解、不存在)的可获得性为第一因素，警告信息为第二因素。 Outcome variables were the evaluation of the knowledge graph box, vaccination-related knowledge, as well as beliefs and attitudes toward vaccination, as represented by three latent variables emerged from an exploratory factor analysis. Results: Two-way analysis of variance revealed a significant main effect of availability of basic information in the knowledge graph box on participants’ vaccination knowledge scores (F2,273=4.86, P=.01), skepticism/fear of vaccination side effects (F2,273=3.5, P=.03), and perceived information quality (F2,273=3.73, P=.02). More specifically, respondents receiving comprehensible information appeared to be more knowledgeable, less skeptical of vaccination, and more critical of information quality compared to participants exposed to hardly comprehensible information. Although, there was no significant interaction effect between the availability of information and the presence of the warning, there was a dominant pattern in which the presence of the warning appeared to have a positive influence on the group receiving comprehensible information while the opposite was true for the groups exposed to hardly comprehensible information and no information at all. Participants evaluated the knowledge graph box as moderately to highly useful, with no significant differences among the experimental groups. Conclusion: Overall, the results suggest that comprehensible information in the knowledge graph box positively affects participants’ vaccination-related knowledge and attitudes. A small change in the content retrieval procedure currently used by Google could already make a valuable difference in the pursuit of an unbiased online information search. Further research is needed to gain insights into the knowledge graph box’s entire potential. SN - 1438-8871 UR - //www.mybigtv.com/2016/6/e137/ UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5430 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27255736 DO - 10.2196/jmir.5430 ID - info:doi/10.2196/jmir.5430 ER -