TY - JOUR AU - Georg, Carina AU - Zary, Nabil PY - 2014 DA - 2014/04/10 TI -基于web的护理教育虚拟患者:理论锚定设计和活动模型的开发和验证JO - J Med Internet Res SP - e105 VL - 16 IS - 4kw -虚拟患者KW -患者模拟KW -护理教育KW -临床推理KW -电子学习，模拟技术AB -背景:研究表明，护理专业的学生很难在临床环境中翻译和应用他们的理论知识。虚拟病人(Virtual patients, VPs)被提出作为一种支持护生科学知识学习、理论与实践相结合的学习活动。尽管副总裁越来越多地用于医疗保健教育，但它们仍然缺乏系统的一致性，无法在原始环境之外重新使用。因此，有必要开发一种在护理教育中发展和实施副校长的模式。目的:本研究的目的是开发和评估一个虚拟病人模型，以优化护理教育的学习和评估需求。方法:通过回顾文献中报道的理论框架和从业人员在设计学习和评估活动时使用的理论框架开始建模过程。选择结果-当前状态测试(OPT)模型作为理论框架。然后，以迭代的方式对模型进行开发和优化，以适应虚拟患者的可见性。内容验证与教师进行了选择理论的相关性，以及其在护理教育中的适用性。 The virtual patient nursing model was then instantiated in two VPs. The students’ perceived usefulness of the VPs was investigated using a questionnaire. The result was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: A virtual patient Nursing Design Model (vpNDM) composed of three layers was developed. Layer 1 contains the patient story and ways of interacting with the data, Layer 2 includes aspects of the iterative process of clinical reasoning, and finally Layer 3 includes measurable outcomes. A virtual patient Nursing Activity Model (vpNAM) was also developed as a guide when creating VP-centric learning activities. The students perceived the global linear VPs as a relevant learning activity for the integration of theory and practice. Conclusions: Virtual patients that are adapted to the nursing paradigm can support nursing students’ development of clinical reasoning skills. The proposed virtual patient nursing design and activity models will allow the systematic development of different types of virtual patients from a common model and thereby create opportunities for sharing pedagogical designs across technical solutions. SN - 14388871 UR - //www.mybigtv.com/2014/4/e105/ UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.2556 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24727709 DO - 10.2196/jmir.2556 ID - info:doi/10.2196/jmir.2556 ER -