@Article{信息:doi 10.2196 / / jmir.5.4。e27，作者="Anh{\o}j, Jacob"，标题="基于web的临床数据库通用设计"，期刊=" j Med Internet Res"，年="2003"，月=" 11 "，日="4"，卷="5"，号="4"，页数="e27"，关键词="数据库;医学信息学应用;软件设计;背景:临床信息领域的复杂性和快速演变和扩展使得临床数据库的开发和维护变得困难。每当在传统关系数据库系统中引入新的数据类型或修改现有类型时，数据库的物理设计必须相应更改。因此，临床数据库应该灵活，允许修改和添加新类型的数据，而不必更改物理数据库模式。因此，理想的临床数据库应该在一个完全通用的物理模式中实现高度详细的逻辑数据库模式，该模式将各种各样的临床数据存储在一个小而恒定的表中。目的:回顾临床数据库通用设计方面的医学文献。方法:为PubMed和谷歌设计了一种搜索策略，以获得关于该主题的同行评审文章和免费Web资源的最佳匹配。 Results: Eight peer reviewed articles and a Web tutorial were found. All the resources described the so-called Entity-Attribute-Value (EAV) design as a means of simplifying the physical layout of data tables in a clinical database. In Entity-Attribute-Value design all data can be stored in a single generic table with conceptually 3 columns: 1 for entity (eg, patient identification), 1 for attribute (eg, name), and 1 for value (eg, ``Jens Hansen''). To add more descriptive fields to the entity class, all that is necessary is to add attribute values to be stored in the attribute field. The main advantages of the Entity-Attribute-Value design are flexibility and effective entity-centered data retrieval. The main disadvantages are complicated front-end programming needed to display data in a conventional layout that the user understands and less-efficient attribute-centered queries. The Internet offers unique opportunities for database deployment, eliminating problems of user-interface deployment. Furthermore, Web forms may be generated in a completely-generic fashion during run time from metadata describing the semantic structure of clinical information stored in the database. Conclusions: The Entity-Attribute-Value model is useful for generic design of clinical databases. Depending on the specific requirements of the application, more or less complex metadata models may be applied. ", issn="1438-8871", doi="10.2196/jmir.5.4.e27", url="//www.mybigtv.com/2003/4/e27/", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.5.4.e27", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14713655" }