@文章{信息:doi/10.2196/17158，作者=“Tudor Car, Lorainne和Dhinagaran, Dhakshenya Ardhithy和Kyaw, bone Myint和Kowatsch, Tobias和Joty, Shafiq和Theng, Yin-Leng和Atun, Rifat”，标题=“医疗保健中的会话代理:范围回顾和概念分析”，期刊=“J Med Internet Res”，年=“2020”，月=“8”，日=“7”，卷=“22”，数=“8”，页=“e17158”，关键词=“会话代理”;聊天机器人;人工智能;机器学习;移动电话;卫生保健;背景:会话代理，也被称为聊天机器人，是设计用来模拟人类文本或口头对话的计算机程序。它们越来越多地应用于包括医疗保健在内的一系列领域。通过实现更好的可访问性、个性化和效率，会话代理具有改善患者护理的潜力。目的:本研究旨在回顾会话代理在医疗保健中的应用现状、差距和挑战，并为其未来的研究、设计和应用提供建议。 Methods: We performed a scoping review. A broad literature search was performed in MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online; Ovid), EMBASE (Excerpta Medica database; Ovid), PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Central with the search terms ``conversational agents,'' ``conversational AI,'' ``chatbots,'' and associated synonyms. We also searched the gray literature using sources such as the OCLC (Online Computer Library Center) WorldCat database and ResearchGate in April 2019. Reference lists of relevant articles were checked for further articles. Screening and data extraction were performed in parallel by 2 reviewers. The included evidence was analyzed narratively by employing the principles of thematic analysis. Results: The literature search yielded 47 study reports (45 articles and 2 ongoing clinical trials) that matched the inclusion criteria. The identified conversational agents were largely delivered via smartphone apps (n=23) and used free text only as the main input (n=19) and output (n=30) modality. Case studies describing chatbot development (n=18) were the most prevalent, and only 11 randomized controlled trials were identified. The 3 most commonly reported conversational agent applications in the literature were treatment and monitoring, health care service support, and patient education. Conclusions: The literature on conversational agents in health care is largely descriptive and aimed at treatment and monitoring and health service support. It mostly reports on text-based, artificial intelligence--driven, and smartphone app--delivered conversational agents. There is an urgent need for a robust evaluation of diverse health care conversational agents' formats, focusing on their acceptability, safety, and effectiveness. ", issn="1438-8871", doi="10.2196/17158", url="//www.mybigtv.com/2020/8/e17158/", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/17158", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32763886" }