@文章{信息:doi/10.2196/18619，作者=“Durneva, Polina和Cousins, Karlene和Chen, Min”，标题=“区块链技术在患者护理中的研究现状、挑战和未来研究方向:系统综述”，期刊=“J Med Internet Res”，年=“2020”，月=“7”，日=“20”，卷=“22”，号=“7”，页=“e18619”，关键词=“区块链”;卫生信息技术;系统评价;安全;隐私;互操作性;背景:区块链提供了一种有前途的新型分布式技术，可以解决数据标准化、系统互操作性、安全性、隐私性和医疗记录可访问性方面的挑战。目的:本综述的目的是评估区块链技术用于患者护理的研究及其相关挑战，并为未来的研究提供研究议程。方法:本综述遵循系统评价和荟萃分析指南的首选报告项目。我们查询了护理和联合健康文献累积索引(CINAHL)、PubMed、摘录医学数据库(EMBASE)和Web of Science数据库，以获取截至2019年12月发表的同行评审研究文章，这些文章研究了区块链技术在医疗保健环境中的实施情况。 We identified 800 articles from which we selected 70 empirical research articles for a detailed review. Results: Blockchain-based patient care applications include medical information systems, personal health records, mobile health and telemedicine, data preservation systems and social networks, health information exchanges and remote monitoring systems, and medical research systems. These blockchain-based health care applications may improve patient engagement and empowerment, improve health care provider access to information, and enhance the use of health care information for medical research. Conclusions: Blockchain health information technology (HIT) provides benefits such as ensuring data privacy and security of health data, facilitating interoperability of heterogeneous HIT systems, and improving the quality of health care outcomes. However, barriers to using blockchain technology to build HIT include security and privacy vulnerabilities, user resistance, high computing power requirements and implementation costs, inefficient consensus algorithms, and challenges of integrating blockchain with existing HIT. With 51{\%} of the research focused on medical information systems such as electronic health record and electronic medical record, and 53{\%} of the research focused on data security and privacy issues, this review shows that HIT research is primarily focused on the use of blockchain technologies to address the current challenges HIT faces. Although Blockchain presents significant potential for disrupting health care, most ideas are in their infancy. ", issn="1438-8871", doi="10.2196/18619", url="//www.mybigtv.com/2020/7/e18619/", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/18619", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32706668" }