@文章{信息:doi/10.2196/13478，作者=“Khan, Kareem和Hall, Charlotte L和Davies, E Bethan和Hollis, Chris和Glazebrook, Cris”，标题=“网络干预对患有神经发育障碍的儿童和青少年的有效性:系统评价和荟萃分析”，期刊=“J Med Internet Res”，年=“2019”，月=“11月”，日=“1”，卷=“21”，数=“11”，页=“e13478”，关键词=“在线干预;有效性;神经发育障碍;儿童和青年;方法;背景:某些神经发育障碍的患病率，特别是自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)和注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)，在过去四十年中一直在增加。非药物干预可以改善结果并减少相关症状，如焦虑，但这些往往难以获得。儿童和年轻人使用互联网和数字技术的比例高于其他任何人群，但是，尽管基于网络的干预措施有可能改善患有长期疾病的儿童和年轻人的健康结果，但此前没有研究对患有神经发育障碍的儿童和年轻人进行基于网络的干预措施的有效性。目的:本研究旨在回顾对患有神经发育障碍的儿童和年轻人进行网络干预的随机对照试验(rct)的有效性。方法:2018年8 - 9月检索6个数据库和1个试验登记册。 RCTs were included if they were published in a peer-reviewed journal. Interventions were included if they (1) aimed to improve the diagnostic symptomology of the targeted neurodevelopmental disorder or associated psychological symptoms as measured by a valid and reliable outcome measure; (2) were delivered on the Web; (3) targeted a youth population (aged ≤18 years or reported a mean age of ≤18 years) with a diagnosis or suspected diagnosis of a neurodevelopmental disorder. Methodological quality was rated using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for RCTs. Results: Of 5140 studies retrieved, 10 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Half of the interventions were delivered to children and young people with ASDs with the other five targeting ADHD, tic disorder, dyscalculia, and specific learning disorder. In total, 6 of the 10 trials found that a Web-based intervention was effective in improving condition-specific outcomes or reducing comorbid psychological symptoms in children and young people. The 4 trials that failed to find an effect were all delivered by apps. The meta-analysis was conducted on five of the trials and did not show a significant effect, with a high level of heterogeneity detected (n=182 [33.4{\%}, 182/545], 5 RCTs; pooled standardized mean difference=--0.39; 95{\%} CI --0.98 to 0.20; Z=--1.29; P=.19 [I2=72{\%}; P=.006]). Conclusions: Web-based interventions can be effective in reducing symptoms in children and young people with neurodevelopmental disorders; however, caution should be taken when interpreting these findings owing to methodological limitations, the minimal number of papers retrieved, and small samples of included studies. Overall, the number of studies was small and mainly limited to ASD, thus restricting the generalizability of the findings. Trial Registration: PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews: CRD42018108824; http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display{\_}record.php?ID=CRD42018108824 ", issn="1438-8871", doi="10.2196/13478", url="//www.mybigtv.com/2019/11/e13478", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/13478", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31682573" }