@Article{信息:doi 10.2196 / / jmir。2911，作者=“顾华、陈斌、朱斌、红红、蒋、陶、王新义、陈磊、蒋、郑正刚、蒋大伟、建民”，标题=“网络监测在突发公共卫生事件防控中的重要性:来自H7N9禽流感暴发期间数字流行病学研究的证据”，期刊=“J医学互联网研究”，年=“2014”，月=“1”，日=“17”，卷=“16”，数=“1”，页数=“e20”，关键词=“甲型流感病毒，H7N9亚型;互联网;监测;背景:2013年春季在中国发生了人感染H7N9禽流感疫情。通过互联网和社交媒体，公众反应和社会影响会对控制和预防新的人类传染病疫情产生重大影响。目的:探讨网络监测在人感染H7N9禽流感疫情防控中的潜在作用。方法:2013年3月31日至4月24日，通过中国国家卫生和计划生育委员会网站收集了人感染H7N9禽流感疫情的官方数据。我们从新浪微博网站获得了以“H7N9”为关键词的博客每日发布和转发数，从百度网站获得了反映公众对疫情关注程度的百度每日关注指数(BAI)。经官方确认的谣言均来自百度搜索引擎。 Results: Both daily posted and forwarded number and BAI for keyword H7N9 increased quickly during the first 3 days of the outbreaks and remained at a high level for 5 days. The total daily posted and forwarded number for H7N9 on Sina microblog peaked at 850,000 on April 3, from zero blogs before March 31, increasing to 97,726 on April 1 and to 370,607 on April 2, and remaining above 500,000 from April 5-8 before declining to 208,524 on April 12. The total daily BAI showed a similar pattern of change to the total daily posted and forwarded number over time from March 31 to April 12. When the outbreak locations spread, especially into other areas of the same province/city and the capital, Beijing, daily posted and forwarded number and BAI increased again to a peak at 368,500 and 116,911, respectively. The median daily BAI during the studied 25 days was significantly higher among the 7 provinces/cities with reported human H7N9 cases than the 2 provinces without any cases (P<.001). So were the median daily posted and forwarded number and daily BAI in each province/city except Anhui province. We retrieved a total of 32 confirmed rumors spread across 19 provinces/cities in China. In all, 84{\%} (27/32) of rumors were disseminated and transmitted by social media. Conclusions: The first 3 days of an epidemic is a critical period for the authorities to take appropriate action through Internet surveillance to prevent and control the epidemic, including preparation of personnel, technology, and other resources; information release; collection of public opinion and reaction; and clarification, prevention, and control of rumors. Internet surveillance can be used as an efficient and economical tool to prevent and control public health emergencies, such as H7N9 outbreaks. ", issn="14388871", doi="10.2196/jmir.2911", url="//www.mybigtv.com/2014/1/e20/", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.2911", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24440770" }