%0期刊文章%@ 2369- 2960% I JMIR Publica卡塔尔世界杯8强波胆分析tions %V 8% N 11% P 37203% T与接受新冠病毒疫苗意向相关的因素:全国横向研究%A Kasting,Monica L %A Macy,Jonathan T %A Grannis,Shaun J %A Wiensch,Ashley J %A Lavista Ferres,Juan M %A Dixon,Brian E %+普渡大学公共卫生学系，812 W。State Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, United States, 1 765 496 9483, mlkastin@purdue.edu %K SARS-CoV-2 %K COVID-19疫苗%K接种意愿%K疫苗犹豫%K健康信念模型%K理性行动方法%K COVID-19 %K疫苗接种%K公共卫生%K在线调查%K健康干预%K logistic回归%K人口统计学%D 2022 %7 14.11.2022 %9原始论文%J JMIR public Health Surveill %G English %X2019冠状病毒病大流行是一场前所未有的公共卫生危机，疫苗是预防该病严重后果的最有效手段。尽管有大量的科学证据表明疫苗的安全性和有效性，但美国成年人对疫苗仍然犹豫不决。目的:采用健康信念模型(HBM)和理性行动法(RAA)对已接种1种疫苗和未接种1种疫苗的患者进行比较，研究COVID-19疫苗犹豫性。方法:本研究调查了美国1643名成年人在2021年2月和3月完成的在线调查中与疫苗接种和意向相关的人口统计学和理论基础因素。调查项目包括人口统计变量(如年龄、性别、政治意识形态)、态度变量和健康信念变量(如感知自我效能、感知易感性)。分层逻辑回归分析用于疫苗摄取/意图。第一个模型包括人口统计变量。第二个模型增加了基于理论的因素，以检查健康信念与疫苗摄取之间的关联，而不仅仅是人口特征所解释的关联。 Results: The majority of participants were male (n=974, 59.3%), White (n=1347, 82.0%), and non-Hispanic (n=1518, 92.4%) and reported they had already received a COVID-19 vaccine or definitely would when it was available to them (n=1306, 79.5%). Demographic variables significantly associated with vaccine uptake/intent included age (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.05, 95% CI 1.04-1.06), other race (AOR 0.47, 95% CI 0.27-0.83 vs White), and political ideology (AOR 15.77, 95% CI 7.03-35.35 very liberal vs very conservative). The theory-based factors most strongly associated with uptake/intention were attitudes (AOR 3.72, 95% CI 2.42-5.73), self-efficacy (AOR 1.75, 95% CI 1.34-2.29), and concerns about side effects (AOR 0.59, 95% CI 0.46-0.76). Although race and political ideology were significant in the model of demographic characteristics, they were not significant when controlling for attitudes and beliefs. Conclusions: Vaccination represents one of the best tools to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as other possible pandemics in the future. This study showed that older age, attitudes, injunctive norms, descriptive norms, and self-efficacy are positively associated with vaccine uptake and intent, whereas perceived side effects and lack of trust in the vaccine are associated with lower uptake and intent. Race and political ideology were not significant predictors when attitudes and beliefs were considered. Before vaccine hesitancy can be addressed, researchers and clinicians must understand the basis of vaccine hesitancy and which populations may show higher hesitancy to the vaccination so that interventions can be adequately targeted. %M 36219842 %R 10.2196/37203 %U https://publichealth.www.mybigtv.com/2022/11/e37203 %U https://doi.org/10.2196/37203 %U http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36219842