@文章{信息:doi/10.2196/29343，作者="Chen, Uan-I和Xu, Hua和Krause, Trudy Millard和Greenberg, Raymond和Dong, Xiao和Jiang, Xiaoqian"，标题="美国COVID-19死亡的相关因素:队列研究"，期刊="JMIR公共卫生监测"，年="2022"，月="5"，日="12"，卷="8"，数="5"，页数="e29343"，关键词="COVID-19;风险因素;生存分析;队列研究;背景:自2020年2月美国发现首批COVID-19病例以来，美国一直处于该病的高发期。了解导致严重后果的风险因素可以确定最脆弱的人群，并有助于决策。目的:本研究旨在从一个大型的、国家的、个人层面的数据集中评估与COVID-19相关死亡相关的因素。方法:采用Optum去识别COVID-19电子健康记录(EHR)数据集进行队列研究;从2020年2月1日到2020年8月31日，研究人员观察了1,271,033名成年参与者，直到他们因COVID-19死亡、因其他原因死亡或研究结束。构建Cox比例风险模型以评估每种患者特征的风险。 Results: A total of 1,271,033 participants (age: mean 52.6, SD 17.9 years; male: 507,574/1,271,033, 39.93{\%}) were included in the study, and 3315 (0.26{\%}) deaths were attributed to COVID-19. Factors associated with COVID-19--related death included older age (≥80 vs 50-59 years old: hazard ratio [HR] 13.28, 95{\%} CI 11.46-15.39), male sex (HR 1.68, 95{\%} CI 1.57-1.80), obesity (BMI ≥40 vs <30 kg/m2: HR 1.71, 95{\%} CI 1.50-1.96), race (Hispanic White, African American, Asian vs non-Hispanic White: HR 2.46, 95{\%} CI 2.01-3.02; HR 2.27, 95{\%} CI 2.06-2.50; HR 2.06, 95{\%} CI 1.65-2.57), region (South, Northeast, Midwest vs West: HR 1.62, 95{\%} CI 1.33-1.98; HR 2.50, 95{\%} CI 2.06-3.03; HR 1.35, 95{\%} CI 1.11-1.64), chronic respiratory disease (HR 1.21, 95{\%} CI 1.12-1.32), cardiac disease (HR 1.10, 95{\%} CI 1.01-1.19), diabetes (HR 1.92, 95{\%} CI 1.75-2.10), recent diagnosis of lung cancer (HR 1.70, 95{\%} CI 1.14-2.55), severely reduced kidney function (HR 1.92, 95{\%} CI 1.69-2.19), stroke or dementia (HR 1.25, 95{\%} CI 1.15-1.36), other neurological diseases (HR 1.77, 95{\%} CI 1.59-1.98), organ transplant (HR 1.35, 95{\%} CI 1.09-1.67), and other immunosuppressive conditions (HR 1.21, 95{\%} CI 1.01-1.46). Conclusions: This is one of the largest national cohort studies in the United States; we identified several patient characteristics associated with COVID-19--related deaths, and the results can serve as the basis for policy making. The study also offered directions for future studies, including the effect of other socioeconomic factors on the increased risk for minority groups. ", issn="2369-2960", doi="10.2196/29343", url="https://publichealth.www.mybigtv.com/2022/5/e29343", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/29343", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35377319" }