@文章{信息:doi/10.2196/28269，作者="Brakefield, Whitney S and Ammar, Nariman and Olusanya, Olufunto A and shabannejad, Arash"，标题="支持COVID-19大流行防范、响应和管理的城市人口健康观测系统:设计和开发研究"，期刊="JMIR公共卫生监测"，年="2021"，月="Jun"，日="16"，卷="7"，数="6"，页="e28269"，关键词="因果推理;COVID-19监测;COVID-19;数字健康;健康差异;知识集成;SARS-CoV-2;健康的社会决定因素;监测;背景:COVID-19正在影响全球人民，目前是许多国家的主要死亡原因。 Underlying factors, including Social Determinants of Health (SDoH), could contribute to these statistics. Our prior work has explored associations between SDoH and several adverse health outcomes (eg, asthma and obesity). Our findings reinforce the emerging consensus that SDoH factors should be considered when implementing intelligent public health surveillance solutions to inform public health policies and interventions. Objective: This study sought to redefine the Healthy People 2030's SDoH taxonomy to accommodate the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, we aim to provide a blueprint and implement a prototype for the Urban Population Health Observatory (UPHO), a web-based platform that integrates classified group-level SDoH indicators to individual- and aggregate-level population health data. Methods: The process of building the UPHO involves collecting and integrating data from several sources, classifying the collected data into drivers and outcomes, incorporating data science techniques for calculating measurable indicators from the raw variables, and studying the extent to which interventions are identified or developed to mitigate drivers that lead to the undesired outcomes. Results: We generated and classified the indicators of social determinants of health, which are linked to COVID-19. To display the functionalities of the UPHO platform, we presented a prototype design to demonstrate its features. We provided a use case scenario for 4 different users. Conclusions: UPHO serves as an apparatus for implementing effective interventions and can be adopted as a global platform for chronic and infectious diseases. The UPHO surveillance platform provides a novel approach and novel insights into immediate and long-term health policy responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and other future public health crises. The UPHO assists public health organizations and policymakers in their efforts in reducing health disparities, achieving health equity, and improving urban population health. ", issn="2369-2960", doi="10.2196/28269", url="https://publichealth.www.mybigtv.com/2021/6/e28269", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/28269", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34081605" }