TY -的盟Bardus马可AU - Al Daccache旋律盟,Maalouf诺盟- Al Sarih Rayan盟——Elhajj Imad H PY - 2022 DA - 2022/7/12 TI -数据管理和隐私政策的COVID-19接触者追踪应用:系统回顾和内容分析乔- JMIR Mhealth Uhealth SP - e35195六世- 10 - 7 KW - COVID-19 KW -移动应用KW -接触者追踪AB -背景:COVID-19数字接触者追踪应用程序创建帮助公共卫生当局遏制流感大流行。这些应用程序需要用户许可才能使用手机上的特定功能，如地理定位、蓝牙或Wi-Fi连接或个人数据，才能正常工作。由于这些功能会对隐私产生影响，确定联系人追踪应用程序如何尊重用户的隐私是至关重要的。目的:本研究旨在系统地映射现有的联系人追踪应用程序，并评估所需的权限及其隐私政策。具体来说，我们评估了权限的类型、隐私策略的可读性以及其中包含的信息。方法:我们使用自定义谷歌搜索和现有的联系追踪应用程序列表，以确定2020年5月至2021年11月之间可能符合条件的应用程序。我们将接触追踪或曝光通知应用与谷歌Play网页结合在一起，从中提取应用特征(如赞助商、安装数量和评级)。我们使用Exodus Privacy系统地提取许可的数量，并将它们分类为危险或正常。我们计算了一个权限累积风险评分，表示对用户隐私的威胁级别。我们评估了隐私政策的可读性，并使用13项清单评估其内容，生成了隐私透明度指数。 We explored the relationships between app characteristics, Permission Accumulated Risk Score, and Privacy Transparency Index using correlations, chi-square tests, or ANOVAs. Results: We identified 180 contact-tracing apps across 152 countries, states, or territories. We included 85.6% (154/180) of apps with a working Google Play page, most of which (132/154, 85.7%) had a privacy policy document. Most apps were developed by governments (116/154, 75.3%) and totaled 264.5 million installs. The average rating on Google Play was 3.5 (SD 0.7). Across the 154 apps, we identified 94 unique permissions, 18% (17/94) of which were dangerous, and 30 trackers. The average Permission Accumulated Risk Score was 22.7 (SD 17.7; range 4-74, median 16) and the average Privacy Transparency Index was 55.8 (SD 21.7; range 5-95, median 55). Overall, the privacy documents were difficult to read (median grade level 12, range 7-23); 67% (88/132) of these mentioned that the apps collected personal identifiers. The Permission Accumulated Risk Score was negatively associated with the average App Store ratings (r=−0.20; P=.03; 120/154, 77.9%) and Privacy Transparency Index (r=−0.25; P<.001; 132/154, 85.7%), suggesting that the higher the risk to one’s data, the lower the apps’ ratings and transparency index. Conclusions: Many contact-tracing apps were developed covering most of the planet but with a relatively low number of installs. Privacy-preserving apps scored high in transparency and App Store ratings, suggesting that some users appreciate these apps. Nevertheless, privacy policy documents were difficult to read for an average audience. Therefore, we recommend following privacy-preserving and transparency principles to improve contact-tracing uptake while making privacy documents more readable for a wider public. SN - 2291-5222 UR - https://mhealth.www.mybigtv.com/2022/7/e35195 UR - https://doi.org/10.2196/35195 UR - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35709334 DO - 10.2196/35195 ID - info:doi/10.2196/35195 ER -