@文章{info:doi/10.2196/20713，作者="Velmovitsky, Pedro Elkind and Bublitz, Frederico Moreira and Fadrique, Laura Xavier and Morita, Plinio Pelegrini"，标题="区块链在卫生保健和公共卫生中的应用:增加透明度"，期刊="JMIR Med Inform"，年="2021"，月="六月"，日="8"，卷="9"，数="6"，页数="e20713"，关键词="卫生保健;区块链;电子健康档案;健康保险;药品供应链;基因组学;同意;数字分类帐;背景:尽管大数据和智能技术允许在医疗保健领域发展精确医疗和预测模型，但在这些数据的全部潜力得以实现之前，仍有一些挑战需要解决(例如，数据共享和互操作性问题，缺乏大规模基因组数据集，数据所有权，以及健康数据的安全和隐私)。医疗保健公司正在探索使用区块链(一种防篡改的分布式数字账本)来应对其中一些挑战。 Objective: In this viewpoint, we aim to obtain an overview of blockchain solutions that aim to solve challenges in health care from an industry perspective, focusing on solutions developed by health and technology companies. Methods: We conducted a literature review following the protocol defined by Levac et al to analyze the findings in a systematic manner. In addition to traditional databases such as IEEE and PubMed, we included search and news outlets such as CoinDesk, CoinTelegraph, and Medium. Results: Health care companies are using blockchain to improve challenges in five key areas. For electronic health records, blockchain can help to mitigate interoperability and data sharing in the industry by creating an overarching mechanism to link disparate personal records and can stimulate data sharing by connecting owners and buyers directly. For the drug (and food) supply chain, blockchain can provide an auditable log of a product's provenance and transportation (including information on the conditions in which the product was transported), increasing transparency and eliminating counterfeit products in the supply chain. For health insurance, blockchain can facilitate the claims management process and help users to calculate medical and pharmaceutical benefits. For genomics, by connecting data buyers and owners directly, blockchain can offer a secure and auditable way of sharing genomic data, increasing their availability. For consent management, as all participants in a blockchain network view an immutable version of the truth, blockchain can provide an immutable and timestamped log of consent, increasing transparency in the consent management process. Conclusions: Blockchain technology can improve several challenges faced by the health care industry. However, companies must evaluate how the features of blockchain can affect their systems (eg, the append-only nature of blockchain limits the deletion of data stored in the network, and distributed systems, although more secure, are less efficient). Although these trade-offs need to be considered when viewing blockchain solutions, the technology has the potential to optimize processes, minimize inefficiencies, and increase trust in all contexts covered in this viewpoint. ", issn="2291-9694", doi="10.2196/20713", url="https://medinform.www.mybigtv.com/2021/6/e20713", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/20713", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34100768" }