@Article{info:doi/10.2196/43529，作者=“Fossouo Tagne, Joel and Yakob, Reginald Amin and Mcdonald, Rachael and Wickramasinghe, Nilmini”，标题=“以用户为中心设计中的链接活性理论:药学不良反应报告系统设计与评价的新框架”，期刊=“JMIR Hum Factors”，年=“2023”，月=“Feb”，日=“24”，卷=“10”，页=“e43529”，关键词=“药物监测;药物不良反应;药剂师;以用户为中心的设计;背景:药物不良反应(adr)可导致包括死亡在内的严重伤害。及时报告不良反应可能在患者安全方面发挥重要作用;然而，存在漏报现象。加强与监管机构之间以及卫生保健提供者之间的不良反应信息的电子交流，有可能减少复发性不良反应并改善患者安全。目的:主要目的是探讨澳大利亚社区药剂师(CPs)不良反应报告率低的问题，评估现有报告系统的可用性，以及这一知识如何影响后续电子不良反应报告系统的设计。方法:研究分为2个阶段进行。 Stage 1 involved qualitative semistructured interviews to identify CPs' perceived barriers and facilitators to ADR reporting. Data were analyzed by thematic analysis, and identified themes were subsequently aligned to the task-technology fit (TTF) framework. The second stage involved a usability evaluation of a commercial web-based ADR reporting system. A structured interview protocol that combined virtual observation, think-aloud moderating techniques, retrospective questioning of the overall user experience, and a System Usability Scale (SUS). The field notes from the interviews were subjected to thematic analysis. Results: In total, 12 CPs were interviewed in stage 1, and 7 CPs participated in stage 2. The interview findings show that CPs are willing to report ADRs but face barriers from environmental, organizational, and IT infrastructures. Increasing ADR awareness, improving workplace practices, and implementing user-focused electronic reporting systems were seen as facilitators of ADR reporting. User testing of an existing system resulted in above average usability (SUS 68.57); however, functional and user interpretation issues were identified. Design elements such as a drop-down menu, free-text entry, checkbox, and prefilled data fields were perceived to be extremely useful for navigating the system and facilitating ADR reporting. Conclusions: Existing reporting systems are not suited to report ADRs, or adapted to workflow, and are rarely used by CPs. Our study uncovered important contextual information for the design of future ADR reporting interventions. Based on our study, a multifaceted, theory-guided, user-centered, and best practice approach to design, implementation, and evaluation may be critical for the successful adoption of ADR reporting electronic interventions and patient safety. Future studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of theory-driven frameworks used in the design and implementation of ADR reporting systems. ", issn="2292-9495", doi="10.2196/43529", url="https://humanfactors.www.mybigtv.com/2023/1/e43529", url="https://doi.org/10.2196/43529", url="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36826985" }